Analysis Of The Movie The Night - 1667 Words

Darkness was beginning to settle as Dylan stepped off the bus. He was in a peaceful neighborhood. All the houses were painted different shades of brown and red. Dylan walked past a kids play park where he saw a mother and her children. The kids raced back and forth playing tag until the mother called to them that it was time to head home. What a cheerful family. A frown came to Dylan’s face. He was a block from Jordan’s house now. Jordan was an only child so it worked out conveniently. His plan was to knock on the door and ask to speak with Jordan. Dylan’s appearance had changed enough by now that he wouldn’t recognizable. His hair had grown long and his hair was scruffy. His face was brown and weathered from living in the wild. The lights were on in the living room. Dylan could see a wheelchair in front of the TV beside the couch. The one story home was wheel chair accessible. Dylan walked up the ramp to the door. He took his gun out of the backpack, and carefully placed it in his pocket. He lifted his arm and knocked on the door. A middle-aged man came to the door. His hair was grey and his face creased with lines. It seemed as if this man had been under a lot of stress in the past year. That wouldn’t be surprising since he would have had to deal with an angry teenager in a wheel chair each day. â€Å"Hello.† Dylan said politely, â€Å"I am here to speak to Jordan, is he here?† â€Å"Yeah,† came a voice from around the corner, â€Å"I’m here.† Jordan came around the corner in hisShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of The Movie The Night 996 Words   |  4 Pagesneedles of death! she exclaims. I don t understand you, Bridges. Josh laughs,You saved my life, but then almost gave me a heart attack. Brianna smiles up at him as he laughs. Adoration shines in her eyes, sparkling like stars on the darkest of nights. Blood curdling needles of death? Josh chuckles, So dramatic! Have you ever considered writing? Shut up Ramsay. Brianna smirks, I would be a wonderful author. Josh walks closer to the bed, his heart racing. He sits down in the same spotRead MoreAnalysis Of The Movie The Night 957 Words   |  4 Pagesthem. The figures were grim in appearance, green, ribs protruding from the side, hollow eyes, and open mouths that were letting out a hollow scream. Our class, 30 in number, shuffled in and took our seats. Once in our seats we were shown a movie. The movie was about the Holocaust, and some of the people who were fortunate enough to survive it. The film covered significant points that were the crescendos of this time in History. The survivors spoke on their experiences, how they survived, and theRead MoreAnalysis Of The Movie The Night 867 Words   |  4 PagesRichards briefcase it showed the audience that Paul was showing his anger due to the fact he had feeling for Anne. 9. There were a couple unique sound effects in the play. The sound effects was the pounding on the door, the noise of the door across the hall closing, the door knob when it was being unscrewed from the door, a baby crying, and the jiggle of a dogs collar. The sound cues were executed at the right moments in the play. For example, when the lady from 4a came into 4b’s apartment to talkRead MoreAnalysis Of The Movie The Night 858 Words   |  4 Pagesreally missed the great adventure, which not only added gas to her fire but it made her go on a rage. This rage lasted for weeks and weeks and she ended up destroying her room just to show her parents how bad she wanted to go to the carnival. The night that she destroyed her room a little leprechaun about the same size of her foot with a face that looked cute, according to Lucy which made it easier for the leprechaun to convince her into going with him to the carnival. The leprechaun ran into herRead MoreAnalysis Of The Movie The Night 1065 Words   |  5 PagesAt Once Again Antiques, Zach hesitated under the store’s overhang and stomped the snow from his boots. In the display window, a vintage jukebox played Deck the Halls, and next to it, a color wheel revolved in front of an aluminum Christmas tree. He removed his Stetson and tapped it against his pant leg, releasing a dusting of snow from the dark felt brim. Whatever was supposed to happen would be today, December 24th. For Gran’s sake, he’d ask an eye-catching, yet complete stranger to accompany himRead MoreAnalysis Of The Movie The Night 1047 Words   |  5 Pagestrying my best (and failing miserably) to keep the tears out of my eyes. Fairly recently, I assumed that role for another friend. The symbolism, it kills me. And yet here I am, sitting in a Starbucks at 7:04 in the morning because I didn’t sleep last night and instead watched the last season of FRIENDS and cried, wondering when I’d find someone who loved me as much as Ross loves Rachel, as much as Chandler loves Monica, and wondering when I would ever love someone in the same way. Wondering if it’d happenRead MoreAnalysis Of The Movie The Night 898 Words   |  4 Pagesâ€Å"Here he is,† Mindy said happily when Zack arrived for his detention. Zack looked around. The only people there were Miss Devasquez and Mindy. He knew about the â€Å"special detention† that Miss Hartick had put together, and he had expected that he would have to go through the same thing. It didn’t look that way though. He was glad about that at least. He even let himself expect that this might be a regular detention. He asked, â€Å"It’s just us?† â€Å"It’s just us,† Miss Devasquez said. Playfully, she saidRead MoreAnalysis Of The Movie The Night 925 Words   |  4 Pagesher friends enjoyed the use of the house owned by her best friend’s parents. They had the run of Megan’s family beach home in Playa Del Rey for the holiday week. Megan’s parents were on location in Canada for two months. Her dad and mom were on a movie shoot filming a creature feature. As a result, the friends felt they were on one long slumber party, similar to the ones they enjoyed as teenagers. Only at this juncture of their life, wine and men liven up the week-long gathering. The young womenRead MoreAnalysis Of The Movie The Night 978 Words   |  4 PagesBy the following Tuesday night she was ready to resume taking after having several nights of poor sleep. The doorbell rang about 1A.M., I got up in time to see Kevin handing an almost nude Susan a Sunday. All she had on was her pink panties, hmm..she had pajama s on when she went to bed. At first I thought she might be awake, but her blank expression led me to believe she was in ambient trance. How did Kevin know to bring a Sunday or did he just chance it? Why was Susan naked? Did she call KevinRead MoreAnalysis Of The Movie The Night 1181 Words   |  5 Pagespassenger side of her father’s transport looking at her as if he were about to laugh, but she had at once said to him, â€Å"Did you set the wheels in motion?† sounding much like one of those mid-twentieth century spies in one of New America’s old archived movie records Phillip had recently viewed. â€Å"Everything’s going according to plan so far,† he simply stated back with a grin. A few miles away, once they neared Inez’s place, Cassidy parked on Bethwin Road not far from where she had previously vandalized

Social Accountability in Accounting

Question: Case Study: Social Accountability in Accounting. Answer: Introduction This study deals with issues in social accountability. In order to identify issues, it is necessary to drawing comparisons with two different companies of same industry listed in Australia Stock Exchange (Kothari and Barone 2011). The company selected are Caltex Australia Limited and Austex Oil Limited. Both the companies belong to oil exploration. Caltex Australia Limited is the parent company of Caltex Australia Group. This business entity is listed in Australia Stock Exchange. The main activities of Caltex Australia are purchase, refining as well as distribution and marketing for the same. On the other hand, Austex oil limited is one of the oil and gas producing company operating in Oklahoma and Kansas (Pahler and Mori 2012). This company raises capital for developing oil and gas leases in USA. Discussions On comparison, it is noticed that both the companies listed in Australia Stock Exchange. Caltex Australia is operations in Australia while Austex oil limited operations in USA. Both the companies belong to the same industry but involves in different operations at the same time. Caltex Australia involves in purchase, refining as well as marketing of petroleum products. On the other hand, Austex Limited involves in exploration of oil and gas selling of end products in an overall manner (Jeter and Chaney 2012). Austex does not deal directly with the end user in any firm. After reviewing at the accounting policies of Caltex Australia, it is revealed that it gets compiled with environmental provisions of the company. As far as necessary accruals are concerned, it is adjusted with necessary information as well as circumstances in the near future. It involves recovery from third parties and accounted for future analysis purpose. Most of the cost incurred after compiling with environmental r egulations as well as on-going maintenance in monitoring of expenses in incurred expenses (Jeter and Chaney 2011). Austex Limited meets the environmental regulations for extraction as well as use of natural resources. It includes environmental expenditure as incurred by the company preventing future contamination as well as leading improvement in environmental safety. It increases the level of efficiency of the existing assets as well as capitalization of cost as far as possible. In case of accrual, it reveals booking of any environmental liabilities for estimated future cost in the most appropriate way (Hoyle, Schaefer and Doupnik 2011). It is important to understand the fact that company poses own health as well as safety policy. Policy of the company is duly approved by OHS and Environmental Risk Committee. This particular Committee requires Caltex in providing safe as well as healthy workplace for the people. OHS committee mainly aims at motivating company in operating adverse affect of health and safety (Hoyle, Schaefer and Doupnik 2011). It engages neighbours as well as customers and public for the same. It is advisable for the company in involving in health and safety measures as per embedded business planning process. It entrenches culture in and within business organization at the same time. Ethics in accounting concerns with making presentation as well as disclosure of financial information regarding activities. As per the financial statement, companies prove important for the stakeholders like shareholders, lender as well as banks and financial institutions. Ethics in accounting renders reliable financial information in the financial statement in regards with people for undertaking financial decisions in an overall manner (Fischer, Taylor and Cheng 2012). Most of the financial accounting concerns with matters relating maximization of shareholders wealth. It mainly aims at helping distant as well as remote financial markets and many others. Financial accounting has no obvious social as well as environmental interest that needs consideration in the near future (Fischer 2011). Financial Highlights On comparison with both companies, it reveals sales revenue of Caltex at $24.6 million that was ahead of Austex at $16.9 million. Hence, this is not one of the major factors in judging performance of the company. As far as gross profit is concerned, Austex Limited comes around 70% and Caltex at 7%. This reveals that Caltex is 10 times of Austex GP ratio in all the forms. There is also difference present in the primary activities of the business organization. Expenses of Austex Limited is considered on the higher side in comparison with Caltex Limited (Dicksee and De Montmorency 2012). After making comparison on net profits, Austex Limited went into losses for around $ 1.1 million. On the contrary, Caltex Limited has some profits amounting to $528k. Conventional financial accounting mainly gives rise to cause harm to society as well as environment for the same. Profits of the companies are increasing due to inevitable expense as in case of social as well as environmental damage for the same. Caltex limited tries in stopping for such abusive practices in the near future (Beams 2011). Caltex Limited focuses ways in participating in Commonwealth Energy Efficiency Opportunities Scheme as well as reported under National Greenhouse Energy Reporting in any form. It takes forms under carbon disclosure projects in an overall manner. It requires participation of both the companies for addressing issues regarding social responsibility as a whole (Beams 2012). ISO 50001 reveals Energy Management It mainly helps organization in saving money as well as becoming energy-efficient for the same. ISO mainly aims in providing different guidelines in conservation of resources and tackling with the climatic change for the same. ISO varies through energy management systems that help in supporting organization in all sectors for energy efficient scheme (Baker 2011). ISO stands for International Organization for Standardization. Austex Limited expects in increased oils and natural gas exploration. This company continues in developing new wells in form of intention for growth purpose. It considers with vision of the company in acquisition of capital from public at the end of the year (Kothari and Barone 2011). It is the organization that helps in providing tools in managing as well as tackling global challenges in modern world. ISO aims at working for attainment of sustainable development for providing with resources in meeting present requirements. It should not compromise with ability for future generations in meeting own needs. ISO 14000 deals with environmental management systems. It aims at providing tools for helping in improving environmental performance as well as control over environmental impact for the same. It enables providing framework for setting up effective environmental management system (Kothari and Barone 2011). Management, employers and stakeholders relies upon ISO in case of environmental impact for measuring as well as bringing improvement in the near future. Benefits of ISO 14001 include reduced cost of waste management as well as savings in consumptions of energy and materials. It involves in lower distribution costs as well as improved corporate image in and among regulators, customers as well as publics for the same. Caltex Limited registered under ISO 14001. As per the company annual report, it involves in environmental responsibility paper manufacturing in case of using environmental management system. ISO 26000 aims at providing necessary guidelines for companies in operating in a n effective and social ways. It needs to follow guidelines as well as act ethical and transparent ways for the same. It should contribute with company health as well as wealth of the society as a whole. ISO 50001 provides framework ascertaining various requirements of the organization. It helps in developing policies for ensuring more efficient uses of energy in an overall manner. It aims at fixing targets as well as objectives in meeting policy in the most appropriate way. It makes use of data in better form for understanding as well as making decisions about energy usage. It establishes ways for measuring results as well as reviewing the policies for designed works. It is continuously improves as energy management tool for future analysis purpose. In the recent Compeitive world, organization should plan in reducing expenditure. Energy considers as one of the major sources used by company in converting raw materials into finished goods for the same. It makes use of energy management systems for planning ways in cutting down energy expenses as far as possible. It provides beneficiary returns from the point of view in financial as well as social perspectives (Jeter and Chaney 2012). It helps companies in conservation of resources as well as tacking climatic changes in the most appropriate way. Conclusion From the above analysis, it is interesting in indicating the issues regarding social accountability faced by business organization in recent world. After considering above points, it is important to look after the financial state of both the companies as well as ISO standards applications. Caltex Australia Limited standards prove better in comparison with Austex Limited in every form. Caltex Limited poses strong financial background as well as establishes in Australia for more than 100 years. It has created many convenience stores as well as reaches the ultimate customer. It satisfies the needs as well as makes the necessary changes in the accounting policies in an overall manner. Caltex Limited has registration under ISO 14001. It helps in meeting up corporate social responsibility in accordance with high accounting standards. Caltex Limited is more profitable business in comparison with Austex Limited. Reference List Baker, R. (2011).Advanced financial accounting. New York: McGraw-Hill Irwin. Beams, F. (2011).Advanced accounting. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Education. Beams, F. (2012).Advanced accounting. Boston: Pearson. Dicksee, L. and De Montmorency, J. (2012).Advanced accounting. London: Gee. Fischer, P. (2011).Advanced accounting. Mason, Ohio: South-Western. Fischer, P., Taylor, W. and Cheng, R. (2012).Advanced accounting. Mason, OH: South-Western Cengage Learning. Hoyle, J., Schaefer, T. and Doupnik, T. (2011).Advanced accounting. New York: McGraw-Hill Irwin. Hoyle, J., Schaefer, T. and Doupnik, T. (2011).Fundamentals of advanced accounting. New York: McGraw-Hill Irwin. Jeter, D. and Chaney, P. (2011).Advanced accounting. Hoboken, N.J.: Wiley. Jeter, D. and Chaney, P. (2012).Advanced accounting. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley. Kothari, J. and Barone, E. (2011).Advanced financial accounting. Harlow, England: Financial Times Prentice Hall. Pahler, A. and Mori, J. (2012).Advanced accounting. San Diego: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich.

Sparta Vs Athens Essays - Sparta, Athenian Democracy, Ancient Greece

Sparta Vs Athens annon In Ancient Greece there were two different major forms of government, Oligarchy and Democracy. The two city-states that best represent each form of government were Sparta (oligarchy) and Athens (democracy). The democratic government in Athens, though de cently equal, fair and fairly advanced for its time, did not meet the needs of the Greeks. During a time of many military battles Athens decided to worry more about comfort and culture. It is the oligarchy in Sparta that put a war-like attitude as it's first priority and best met the needs of Ancient Greece. The Athenian democratic government, which may have given the citizens in Greece more freedom, was not the best form of government at the time. The democracy in Athens cannot really be called a true democracy since there were several flaws in the governme nt and the way it worked. Only ten per cent of the total population of Athens actually had voting rights and all of these citizens were upper class men who were over thirty years old. Women, no matter what the class or age, were given no freedom at all. They were first owned by their fathers and then were passed from them to their husbands who then gave them nothing more than the responsibilities of managing the household and educating the children. During a meeting of the Assembly, a policy could be adopted and formed into a law but once the meeting of the assembly ended, the enforcement of that law was left in the hands of people who may not agree with that specific law. Also, a rule of the Assembly said that if a certa! in speaker became too powerful, he could be expelled from the country if given a majority vote by the Assembly. This rule could easily be abused and really infringed on the freedom of speech that most democracies have. The Assembly was made up of five hundred men who were chosen from a list of those who were eligible to serve on the council. Since most of the population was of a lower economic class, the time taken away from their normal work by serving on the Assembly lowered their earning potential , causing their already poor situation to worsen. Life may have been sophisticated and graceful in Athens but the Athenians were often mocked by opposing countries and other city-states for having no bravery, patriotism or courage. This was shown by the repeated attacks on Athens. If the Athenians had a more war-like reputation, they probably could have avoided many of those conflicts that eventually led to the loss of the power Athens held in Ancient Greece. In the city-state of Sparta, the government was controlled by an oligarchy in which the power was held by a group of five men called ephors. It may not seem very fair that the citizens had little say in the decisions made by the government but, at the ti me, this was the better government. The Spartans needed to give up comfort and culture for a more disciplined military approach to control the rebelling Messenians which eventually turned them into a deadly war machine. Over the years, the Spartan's r uthless and brutal reputation in war grew so large that other nations and city-states were so frightened that they would not attack Sparta even though the Spartan army was not more larger then eight thousand men. The Spartan men in the army would start t heir military training at the age of seven and were trained to be tough and very self-sufficient. Every man in the army would fight with a great deal of passion for his country. Life in Sparta may have been rough but the res! t of the Greeks envied the Spartans for their simplicity, straight forwardness, and fanatical dedication. There was a law in Sparta that banned all foreign trade and foreign travelling. This kept out all foreign ideas and allowed them to have the eleme nt of surprise when it came to attacks. This law did not affect their economy, which was already self-sufficient. Unlike the rest of Greek women, Spartan women had the freedom of equal rights except for voting rights. Since men were in the military, the women had full authority over their households and weren't forced into a life of only childbearing and housekeeping like the Athenian woman. The best example of why the Spartan government was better then the Athenian government happened in 404 B.C. when the Spartan army were able to conquer the mighty power known as Athens.

Successful in Education doesn’t Equal Successful in Life

Successful in Education doesn’t Equal Successful in Life Does Being Successful in Education Equal Being Successful in Life? The answer is – NO. Of course, some professions require excellent studying for a good career, such as becoming a doctor or a scientist – the ones that require a profound knowledge of the particular subject. On the other hand, the majority of professions won’t guaranty that you will be successful in life and at work. Sometimes it needs something more outstanding than an ability to memorize and recite a paragraph. Examples of some great entrepreneurs and businessmen prove the idea. What is Success on the First Place Success is a very abstract concept. In order to identify whether you are a success, you have to identify what being successful means to you. Working in a grocery store for some people may be a dream job that brings happiness and the sense of realization of all the potential. For others it would be a total fail. As long as you decide on how your personal success should look like, you have the chances to achieve it. A’s and C’s Facing the Same Problems No matter whether you were an excellent student or not, all students have huge loans that need to be paid off. It is the reason why students grasp any job offer to get enough money to pay the debt. And it’s the same reason why students are more likely to keep to a highly paid job than to pursue their dream career. So, what the success would mean: getting enough money to pay the loan or to do what you have always dreamed of? Thinking Patterns Determining the Grades College system focuses on completing the homework and meeting the deadline more than on any other aspects of the learning process. The most successful students in studies are not always the smartest ones. They are disciplined ones. It is definitely a great feature that can come in hand in studies and work. Though, it is only a half of the way. Creativity is not something that is derived from a disciplined learning. The majority of creative students face the difficulties of finishing the project on time not because they are lazy or not intelligent enough: they may work differently and need more time for that. However, the result in the end can pleasantly surprise the teacher. Such students may not become surgeons or pharmacists but can become great businessmen and inventors. Â   Entrepreneurial Mindset – Not a College Subject Entrepreneurial mindset is something you need to develop by means of creativity, flexibility and ingenuity. Unfortunately, most of the colleges do not offer this knowledge to their students. Of course, we need some basic academic knowledge to be comprehensively developed and interesting to talk to. Thus, if you believe that success is a great bank account, an excellent diploma is not something you need to pursue to start out your own business.

Criminal justice Thesis Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Criminal justice - Thesis Example The state of affair above means that there is a correlation between increased immigration and the rising cases of crime since the immigrants who form a crucial part of this debate are the very perpetrators of crime in the United States. For instance, in line with this rationale is the disclosure by the Pew Hispanic Center which pointed out that in 2007, those sentenced for federal crimes were largely non-US citizens Hispanics who accounted for 74% of the immigration offenders. The same accounted for 25% of drug offenders, 6% of firearms offenders, and 8% of the white collar crimes perpetrators. This statistical provision above is of great interest, given that non-native Hispanics account for 5.1% of the nations adult population. In the same vein, the Federal Bureau of Prison corroborates the statement by the Pew Hispanic Center to state that 26.4% of inmates that are incarcerated in federal prisons are non-US citizens. The seriousness of the mater is underscored by the fact that thes e illegal immigrants are small enough to comprise a paltry 8.6% of the US adult population. The rationale herein is that if a small population such as the non-US citizen can account for the inordinately high rates of crime and prison population, then the situation can turn into a tragedy if the number of the illegal immigrants in the US increases. In another wavelength, there are other observers such as XXXX who point out that the concomitance between increased immigration and high rates of crime is too strong to be gainsaid. XXX points out that illegal immigration in itself is a crime, and therefore, it could suffice to moderate the question. XXXX points out that this is because, illegal immigration is not only a crime, but it has steadily scaled upwards since 1995. In Maricopa County, 22% of felons are illegal immigrants; in Collier County, 22% of prison inmates are illegal immigrants; in Lake County, 19% of prison inmates are illegal immigrants; and in Weld County,

For finance class Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

For finance class - Case Study Example The President had to meet with a few internal control requirements to take the company to the next higher level i.e. to go public. The internal control aspects that need to be considered by the President are planning, controlling and workforce maintenance. Planning is one of the major steps that should be taken in an effective way so that future problems can be identified easily and corrective measures can be taken to deal with bigger issues in the future. Controlling involves certain processes such as departments, policies and activities of the employee. For LJB Company, the entire unit should be segmented in departments with specific tasks assigned to each department to make the operations smoother. The President of LJB should take a strong step towards implementing the company’s terms and policies because they ensure that the employees perform under stipulated guidelines and provide their best as they are able to remain focused towards their responsibilities. 2. Advise the President of what the company is doing right (they are doing some things well) and also recommend to the President whether or not they should buy the indelible ink machine. When you advise the President, please be sure to reference the applicable internal control principle that applies. According to LJB Company’s operational process as a small firm, the President implemented certain appropriate internal controlling measures. In this context, it can be stated that the company has been able to attain certain positive outcomes which has facilitated them to the desire of taking the business to public. The terms and policies applied in LJB were quite strong because an employee was fired by the President when he was found guilty of wrongdoing within the company premises. This shows active involvement and ability to demonstrate proper control by the

Market Research Essay Example for Free

Market Research Essay The management process through which goods and services move from concept to the customer. As a practice, it consists in coordination of four elements called 4Ps: (1) identification, selection, and development of a product, (2) determination of its price, (3) selection of a distribution channel to reach the customers place, and (4) development and implementation of a promotional strategy. As a philosophy, marketing is based on thinking about the business in terms of customer needs and their satisfaction. Marketing differs from selling because (in the words of Harvard Business Schools emeritus professor of marketing Theodore C. Levitt) Selling concerns itself with the tricks and techniques of getting people to exchange their cash for your product. It is not concerned with the values that the exchange is all about. And it does not, as marketing invariably does, view the entire business process as consisting of a tightly integrated effort to discover, create, arouse, and satisfy customer needs. Read more: http://www.businessdictionary.com/definition/marketing.html#ixzz25h1HF3mw Marketing, Advertising and Sales a definition Marketing is not advertising. Marketing is finding out what people want, why they want it and how much they’ll spend. Dont confuse marketing with advertising. Advertising is the promotion of a service or product or company. It features a strong call to action and promotes the benefits of that being advertised. . Product/Service †¢ What does the customer want from the product/service? What needs does it satisfy? †¢What features does it have to meet these needs? †¢Are there any features youve missed out? †¢Are you including costly features that the customer wont actually use? †¢How and where will the customer use it? †¢What does it look like? How will customers experience it? †¢What size(s), color(s), and so on, should it be? †¢What is it to be called? †¢How is it branded? †¢How is it differentiated versus your competitors? †¢What is the most it can cost to provide, and still be sold sufficiently profitably? (See also Price, below). Place †¢ Where do buyers look for your product or service? †¢If they look in a store, what kind? A specialist boutique or in a supermarket, or both? Or online? Or direct, via a catalogue? †¢How can you access the right distribution channels? †¢Do you need to use a sales force? Or attend trade fairs? Or make online submissions? Or send samples to catalogue companies? †¢What do you competitors do, and how can you learn from that and/or differentiate? Price †¢ What is the value of the product or service to the buyer? †¢Are there established price points for products or services in this area? †¢Is the customer price sensitive? Will a small decrease in price gain you extra market share? Or will a small increase be indiscernible, and so gain you extra profit margin? †¢What discounts should be offered to trade customers, or to other specific segments of your market? †¢How will your price compare with your competitors? Promotion †¢ Where and when can you get across your marketing messages to your target market? †¢Will you reach your audience by advertising in the press, or on TV, or radio, or on billboards? By using direct marketing mailshot? Through PR? On the Internet? †¢When is the best time to promote? Is there seasonality in the market? Are there any wider environmental issues that suggest or dictate the timing of your market launch, or the timing of subsequent promotions? †¢How do your competitors do their promotions? And how does that influence your choice of promotional activity? The 4Ps model is just one of many marketing mix lists that have been developed over the years. And, whilst the questions we have listed above are key, they are just a subset of the detailed probing that may be required to optimize your marketing mix. Amongst the other marketing mix models have been developed over the years is Boom and Bitners 7Ps, sometimes called the extended marketing mix, which include the first 4 Ps, plus people, processes and physical layout decisions.